Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences: Research Areas

Article Title: TREATMENT OF SALOON EFFLUENT USING POWDERED CARBON FROM DIKA-NUT (IRVINGAL GABONENSIS) SEED SHELL
by Ewansiha.C.J. J.E.Ebhoaye, I.O.Asia, L.O.Ekebafe, P.P.Ezomosogie, and C.Ehigie

Abstract:
The conventional methods for treating wastewaters are expensive. Consequently, the use of agricultural waste by-product as adsorbents for this purpose is being exploited because of its availability and low cost of the materials. Dika-nut seed shell was collected form Igueben Local Government Area of Edo State, air-dried and activated with 50% saturated ammonium chloride solution before carbonizining in a muffle furnace at 500oc. The powdered activated Carbon obtained was characterized in terms of pH, bulk density, surface Area, negative surface charge, moisture content, volatile matter content and Ash content. The result of the powdered activated carbon characterization is pH 4.15, bulk density, 0.689g/cm3, surface area, 1.4 x 10-2g/mgI2 negative surface charge, 2.240mmol/H+, moisture content, 5.770% volatile matter, 75.10%, Ash content, 24.90%. Waste water was collected from saloon and characterized for its pollution characteristics. Turbidity, 997.33FTU, PH, 8.31, conductivity; 711us, Total suspended solid, 12600mg/l, Total Dissolved solid 355.50 mg/l. Percent Nitrogen 1.16%, nitrate Nitrogen, 76.85ppm, Nitrite Nitrogen 6.50ppm, Ammonium Nitrogen 842.85ppm, sulphate 677.98ppm, phosphate 20.09ppm, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 1120.00mg/l. Dissolved oxygen 5.45 mg/l, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) 2.34mg/l, Pb, 31.68ppm, Zn, 1.85ppm, Cd, 0.93 ppm. Total Aerobic count 1.724107 /100ml and total coli form count 1.22x107 (fus/ml). These values are high when compared with Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) effluent discharged standard and on treatment with the powdered carbon, the following percentage reductions were obtained .Turbidity between 94.18%-96.42%, pH, 18.7-18.299, conductivity, 10.41%, TSS, 99.21-99.60%, TDS, 10.41%, Nitrite Nitrogen, 99.73%, Ammonium nitrogen 77.85-82.87%, Sulphate 79.41-88.60%, phosphate, 52.02-97.76%, COD, 60.71%, DO, 56.88-68.99%, BOD, 47.01-57.26% Pb, 25.41-60.70%, Zn, 20-57.84%,. This results show that powdered activated carbon from agricultural residue is efficient in the treatment of waste waster such as saloon effluent.

Keywords: wastewater, saloon, rubber processing factory, pollution, effluent discharge standard, environment

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