Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences: Research Areas

Article Title: Hydraulic Characteristics of Ikpa River in South Eastern Nigeria: At a Station Hydraulic Geometry
by Okon, A.B., and Ikebude, C.F.

Abstract:
This study examines the various physical processes involved in water transport particularly the hydraulic geometry - within the channel at a reach of one of the rivers in south eastern Nigeria, the Ikpa River. Velocity measurements at a section were carried out with a computerized velocity meter; average values ranged from 0.37 m/s to 0.53m/s. Discharge measurementsof7 to 27 m3/s were recorded at different stages up to the bank full stage. Power functions define the relationship between the discharge as independent variable with width, depth and velocity as dependent variables. The hydraulic geometry of the river is consistent with the pattern which studies have revealed for other rivers around the world. The exponents obtained were b(0.4066), f (0.3173), m (0.276); b being higher than f indicates that erosion of the banks occurred at a faster rate than that of the bed to accommodate increasing discharge. It also suggests a non -cohesive bank material. It was observed that the river did overflow its banks during the flood period. Further studies on the hydraulic geometry of other sections on the river may provide insight as to whether the higher rate of width increase is indicative of the reach�s inability to accommodate the flow. The research work set out to determine how the discharges in Ikpa River channel relate with its other features. In many cases, effective water resources and environmental management as well as solutions to geotechnical problems along river channels are contingent on proper understanding and application of these flow relationships. The research has provided useful tools for the planning of new structures and assessment of exist in gones, and identifies some areas for further studies.

Keywords: River, hydraulic geometry, discharge, flow velocity, gauge station

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