Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences: Research Areas

Article Title: Welding Of Dissimilar Metals Using Gas Metal Arc And Laser Welding Techniques: A Review
by Abioye, T.E., Olugbade, T.O., and Ogedengbe, T.I.

Abstract:
The effect of the gas metal arc and laser welding process parameters on the geometry, microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar weldments of different materials systems were reviewed. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and laser welding processes are widely used for permanent joining dissimilar metals and alloys. The significant parameters in GMAW are welding voltage, current and speed while the significant parameters in laser welding are laser speed, laser power and focal point position. A good control of the processing parameters is required for obtaining high quality weld. Also, optimising these parameters controls the formation of the intermetallic compounds which have been found to be detrimental to the mechanical and corrosion performance of the dissimilar weld joints. It is also confirmed that the welding speed has the greatest influence on tensile strength, followed by laser power and focal position in continuous laser welding. In GMAW, the depth of penetration increases as the welding current increases. Increase in welding voltage also increases the depth of penetration but not significant as the current. Increase in welding speed decreases depth of penetration. Important properties in both GMAW and laser welding techniques when joining dissimilar metal pairs include tensile strength, hardness and corrosion resistance. The findings from this work can serve as guides for welding operators in automotive sub-assemblies, civil construction, shipbuilding, etc., to obtain optimal welding conditions.

Keywords: gas metal arc welding; laser welding; dissimilar metals; processing parameters; optimisation.

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