Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences: Research Areas

Article Title: Design and Simulation of an Auto Tuning Proportional Integral Derivative Controller for Direct Current Motor
by Nwukor, F. N. and Ikhine, O. G.

Abstract:
This study presents the design and simulation of an auto tuning proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for direct current motor. The Dc motor was modeled using the state space approach and the governing equations for torque speed characteristics were obtained. The state space representation provided system characteristics along with control parameters which were employed in the design of the auto-tuning proportional-integral-derivative controller. Design requirements were set at; motor speed 0.1rad/sec in steady state for an input voltage of 1V, steady-state error less than 1%, settling time less than 2 seconds, step-response with over-shoot less than 5%. The Dynamics of the Motor was inspected using a step-input. Result shows that the PID controller yielded motor speed of 0.1 rad/sec in steady state for an input voltage of 1V, a steady-state value of 1, a settling time of 150 seconds and an overshoot of 0% which didn�t meet design requirements. The designed auto - tuning strategy yielded motor speed of 0.1 rad/sec in steady state for an input voltage of 1V, a steady-state value of 1, a settling time of 0.257 seconds and a step-response with an over-shoot of 1.03% which satisfied the design requirements. Auto - tuning of the designed PID controller is implemented which eliminates the control effort usually associated with the traditional control techniques, and meets design requirements. The auto - tuning strategy presented in this study overcomes the limitations of inefficient tuning methods and ensures proper tuning of gain values of the PID controller when used for DC motor speed control.

Keywords: Simulation, Auto tuning, Proportional Integral Derivative Controller, State-space model, Direct Current Motor

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