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Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies (JETERAPS) (Vol 1 No 1)
| Abstract: The intensification of conflict between pastoralists and cultivators is becoming a matter of concern across Nigeria. The issue seems to be particularly strong in the case of the pastoralists from outside Nigeria, notably from Niger, Chad and Cameroon and the issue may be compounded not by any new patterns of migration out of the presence of armed mercenaries from the above named countries. “Competition for farmland is a cause of conflict”. Examples are Tiv farmers and Fulanis. Women pastoralists are the greatest victims of these conflicts. Thus, women pastoralist’ experiences in agro-based conflict and diversification of livelihood activities in Nigeria were investigated. Advocacy for sustainable peace education was recommended. Six-stage sampling procedure was used in selecting samples for the study resulting in 163 respondents. Interview schedule was used to elicit information on types of agro-based conflicts experienced and diversification in livelihood activities. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at ?0.05. Most respondents were illiterate (666.3%). Communal clashes and farmer/pastoralist conflict occurred in 13.6 ± 12.4 and 13.1 ± 12.3 times respectively. A majority of the women (77.7%) diversified within agricultural activities after conflict than within non-agricultural activities (15.5%). The level of diversification of respondents within agricultural and non-agricultural activities was significantly higher after conflict than before the conflict. One reason for the varied different engagement in income-generating non-agricultural activities and agricultural activities before and after agro-based could be traceable to the fact that rural women had participation in the activities before and after conflict and thus made diversification in the activities. It was recommended that women pastoralist and their households in agro-based conflict zones should be trained not only in nomadic but also in peace education. This will not only assist them but also enhance their participation in their day-to-day activities. |
| Keywords: agro-based conflict, livelihood activities, women pastoralists, peace education, diversification, sustainability |
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