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Article Title: Textbook Utilisation and Class Participation as Predictors of Academic Achievement in Basic Science and Technology in Lower Primary Schools in Southwestern, Nigeria
by Abe, Oluremi Josephine & Agboola, Omowunmi Sola

Abstract:
The study examined the relationship between class participation and pupils� academic achievement in Basic Science and Technology in Southwestern, Nigeria. It examined the relationship between textbooks utilization and pupils` achievement in Basic Science and Technology and also investigated combined influence of textbooks utilization and class participation on pupils `achievement in Basic Science and Technology. The study further determined the combined influence of textbooks utilization, class participation on pupils` achievement in Basic Science and Technology in relation to gender and compared the combined influence of school type on textbooks utilization, class participation and pupils� achievement in Basic Science and Technology. These were with a view to providing empirical information on how textbooks utilization and class participation are capable of predicting pupils` achievement in Basic Science and Technology. The study adopted a correlational survey research design. The population consisted of all lower Primary III Pupils in Southwestern, Nigeria. The sample size of the study was made up of 810 Primary III pupils. Multistage Sampling Procedure was used to select the sample for the study. Simple random sampling technique was used in selecting three states out of the six states in Southwestern geographical zones of Nigeria (Oyo, Ekiti, and Ondo). One Local Government Area (LGA) was selected from each of the three senatorial districts in the selected states using simple random sampling technique. Three primary schools were selected from each of LGA using simple random sampling technique making a total of 27 schools. Three self-designed instruments were used to collect data from for this study namely: Questionnaire on Pupils Utilisation of Basic Science and Technology Textbooks (QPUBSTT), Observation Scale Measuring Pupils Participation in Basic Science and Technology (OSMPPBSTC) and Basic Science and Technology Achievement Test (BSTAT). QPUBSTT was used to inspect how pupils utilize BST textbooks. OSMPPBSTC was used to observe pupil�s participation in BST class. BSTAT was used to measure pupil�s academic achievement in BST class. Data were analysed using simple percentages and regression analysis. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the class participation and pupils` achievement in Basic Science and Technology in the study area (F = 74.182, p < 0.05). The result also showed that there was significant relationship between Textbooks Utilization and Pupils` Achievement in Basic Science and Technology in Southwestern, Nigeria (F = 155.706, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the results revealed that there was no significant relationship of the combined influence of Textbook Utilization and Class Participation on pupils` achievement in Basic Science and Technology in the study area (p < 0.05). The results also revealed that there was no significant relationship of the combined influence of Textbooks Utilization and Class Participation on pupils` achievement in Basic Science and Technology in relation to gender in the study area (p < 0.05). Finally, the results showed also that there was no significant relationship of the combined influence of the Textbooks Utilization and Class Participation on pupils `achievement in Basic Science and Technology in relation to school type in the study area (p<0.05). The study concluded that textbooks utilization and class participation are capable of predicting lower primary school pupils` academic achievement in Basic Science and Technology in Southwestern, Nigeria.

Keywords: Basic Science and Technology, Textbook, Academic Achievement, Utilization, Predictors

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