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Article Title: Man from the Viewpoints of Shahid Motahari and Jean Paul Sartre
by Soheila Piroozvand, Maryam Aghdam, and Mohammadmahdi Gorjian

Abstract:
The issue of human has been addressed by scientists since a long time ago. This approach has led to the appearance of different sects. We have compared from among the scientists the thoughts of two philosophers, namely Shahid Motahari who is a unitary philosopher and Jean Paul Sartre, who is an atheist philosopher. Shahid Motahari considers man prior to his nature. He proves nature in man through human perceptions and tendencies. He also considers tendency to monotheism as the highest human criterion and value. In such conditions, it is evident that he defines man as a responsible, task-oriented and targeted creature enjoying the dignity to be the God's representative. He also considers man's end to approach God according to the Holy Koran. In contrast, Sartre considers man's nature to be prior to his existence. Considering the fact that he has emphasized so much on the individual freedom and selection, he denies human nature and believes that man must personally build himself. He considers human equal to apprehension and considers this problem as the result of man's responsibility in selecting his own way of living method. Since man specifies his way in life through his own selection and synchronously builds human society, it can be said that apprehension is one of the main characteristics of man's special nature according to Sartre. Our goal in this paper is to compare two different thoughts and to describe the legitimacy of real thoughts. Moreover, research method in this paper is of descriptive and analytical type.

Keywords: human, perfect man, shahid motahari, jean paul sartre, freedom, nature.

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